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Did you know? The Society for Automotive Engineers Technical Paper Series document number 2000-01-2206  states,

It is well known that hydrogen addition to spark-ignited (SI) engines can reduce exhaust emissions and increase efficiency.”

 

Below are testimonials and validation results using Hydrogen Command.

More testimonials may be found under news letters.

02/25/2010

On February 25, 2010 a Hydrogen Command Boost electrolyzer (powered by a pair of battery chargers) was installed onto a 2004 Series 60 12.7 liter Detroit Diesel Engine rated at 515 horsepower attached to a dynamometer at the University of Northwestern Ohio.

Pictures below show the engine, dynamometer, control console, and university staff

       

Data was collected at 100hp, 200hp, 300hp, and 400hp at both 1400 rpm and 1800 rpm. The data collected included RPM, intake air temperature measured at the intake manifold, Turbo Boost pressure measured after the air to air heat exchanger, exhaust gas temperature, torque, carbon monoxide emissions, NOx emissions, carbon dioxide percent in exhaust gases, and oxygen percent in exhaust gases, and mass of fuel used over each two minute period (measured with digital scales by reading the mass of the fuel tank before and after the two minute test intervals). This series of tests was repeated three times, once with no hydrogen production, once with the electrolyzer running at 32 amps average, and once with the electrolyzer running at 46 amps average. Data was recorded by hand since there was no capability to collect all the data with the same computer. No data was available for hydrocarbon emissions because the gas analyzer used for that was inoperative. Also the opacity of particulate matter in the exhaust was unable to be accurately measured because of equipment malfunction.

Below is a graph of the fuel used during each two minute session, measured in kilograms.

 

Below is a graph of the same data but expressed as a fuel flow rate in gallons per hour.

 

Average reduction in fuel flow using 32 Amps on the electrolyzer was 9.28%.

Average reduction in fuel flow using 46 Amps on the electrolyzer was 11.3%.

Average exhaust gas temperature increase using 32 Amps was 5.2%.

Average exhaust gas temperature increase using 46 Amps was 7.9%.

Average reduction in Carbon monoxide emissions using 32 Amps was 19%.

Average reduction in Carbon monoxide emissions using 46 Amps was 10.2%.

Average reduction in NOx emissions using 32 Amps was 5.8%.

Average reduction in NOx emissions using 46 Amps was 6.5%.

No operable equipment was available to measure unburned hydrocarbon emissions or particulate matter emissions.

Average reduction in total CO2 emissions is equivalent to the reduction in fuel flow stated above.

As expected, because of more complete burning of the fuel, the % CO2 in the exhaust increased and the % O2 decreased with the Hydrogen Boost.

Since power for the electrolyzer was furnished by an independent source, for comparison of a tractor trailer engine providing power to the electrolyzer by way of the alternator, the reduction in fuel flow would have been slightly less. The average power to the electrolyzer throughout the tests with hydrogen would have taken 0.73 horsepower. The average horsepower output during the tests was 250 hp. A 0.73 horsepower addition to that would have increase the fuel used by 0.3%. The average fuel savings of over 10.3% would therefore be only 10.0% if the power to the electrolyzer was provided by the alternator. This is consistent with Hydrogen Boost’s experience with dynamometer testing and in testing on Tractor trailer trucks using ECM reports to verify fuel savings.

 

Martin Bulk Milk - Truck #245 Hydrogen ECM Analysis 2nd truck

1st truck average  8.8%

 02/23/10

            I have two ECM reports on truck number 245 (vehicle ID 736835D and engine serial number NXS17366) taken on the same date (1/12/2010), one ECM covers 328095.3 miles and the other covers 116001.7 miles.  We can calculate the baseline mileage by subtracting the 116001.7 miles from the 328095.3 miles to get the previous 212093.6 miles previously driven before the installation of the hydrogen injection system.  Also we can calculate the drive fuel used during that time by subtracting the total fuel of 67865.1 minus total idle fuel of 4724.1 to get the total drive fuel of 63141.1 gallons since the truck was new.  Also on the second ECM only we take the 21825.1 total fuels minus the 607 idle fuels to get drive fuel of 21218.5 gallons for the second ECM when hydrogen injection was operating.  That leaves drive fuel for the initial 212093.6 miles to be 41922.6 gallons for a baseline drive fuel economy of 212093.6 divided by 41922.6 = 5.06 mpg.

            For the hydrogen injection trip of 116001.7 miles the drive fuel calculated above was 21218.5 gallons for a drive fuel economy of 116001.7 divided by 21218.5 = 5.47 mpg which agrees with the ECM reported drive fuel economy for the last trip.  Comparing this with the baseline fuel economy of 5.06 we have a new drive fuel economy of 5.47 mpg for an increase of .41 mpg for an 8.1% increase in drive fuel economy.

            Doing similar calculations with the idle fuel economy we have a baseline of 1.31 hours per gallon and an average of 1.36 hours per gallon after hydrogen injection was installed for an improvement of 3.82% in idle fuel economy.  Remember that idle is when the hydrogen injection system is turned off by the pressure switch and this improvement is due only to the cleaning of the carbon from the combustion chamber and the engine treatment.

            Now we must also look at other contributing factors to fuel economy.  Notice that the cumulative average load on the truck since it was new as reported on the first ECM was 36% but the load for the last trip with hydrogen was 45%.  The baseline portion of the total ECM would therefore have had an average load of only 31% so our improvement in drive fuel economy of 8.1% was despite an increase in load to almost half again as much load.  Given the same load I would expect that the improvement in drive fuel economy would have been much closer to 10%.   

Below are the actual readings from the trucks computer.

 

01/10/2010

    Our exclusive distributor for Hydrogen Boost/Command products in UK, Italy, Holland and Hungary, has coordinated testing on a diesel municipal bus in Hungary and here is a report from the municipality major about the results.

  Magyarhertelend Község Önkormányzata

7394 Magyarhertelend, Kossuth u. 46.

Tel/Fax: 72/390-758

E-mail: magyarhertelend@gmail.com

Global Energy Technology

39 Airport House. Purley Way, Croydon.

United Kingdom

George Németh Úr részére

Tárgy: Visszajelzés

Tisztelt Németh Úr!

Az önök által forgalmazott HIDROGEN BOOSTER üzemanyag megtakarító eszközzel kapcsolatos visszajelzést tesszük.

A jármű, amelyben beszereltük (az Önök segítségével) Mercedes Sprinter 2.500 cm3 diesel üzemű 18+1 személyes busz.

A próbaúton (Pécs-Budapest-Pécs) a jármű az eddigi 48 liter helyett cca. 44 litert fogyasztott, megtakarítás kb. 10%. Mivel a felszerelt Booster viszonylag nagy teljesítményű, ezért az előírtak szerint csökkentettük a benne lévő sav mennyiségét. A továbbiakban szerzett tapasztalatainkról tájékoztatjuk Önöket.

Magyarhertelend, 2010-01-04.

Tisztelettel:

Kovács Gyula sk.

polgármester

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

Dear Shareholders

Please note the

Attached letter from the Major of Magyarhertelend Pecs Hungary.

The content of the letter says:
 
They have fitted our H-Booster into a Mercedes Spinter 2.5 diesel 18+1 seat.
 
The test drive was from Pecs to Budapest to Pecs. On this journey without the H-Booster in consumed 48 Ltrs, H-Booster fitted it used 44 Ltrs, saving of 10%. When the H-Booster was fitted it was filled with to much acid, therefore we adjusted it and hope to have even better fuel savings. Test we are continuing and let you know the outcome as we have it.

The results are positive but It appears that they did the test with too much caustic soda

in the system, hence there will be a new test that should give us far greater results.

Imagine a country saving 10% of petrol !!

surely for britain it could run in the billions !!! 

The system its a great news for saving energy and reduce CO2 !!

Sincerely

Francesco Fucilla MD 

Here is the report of the test published on our distributor’s web site at

http://www.global-energy-technology.com/GET_1_22-07-09/News/GlobalEnergyBusDev04-01-2010.pdf
 

Martin Bulk Milk 8.8% increase First truck of 3

SEI Express Trucking Ballietville PA

Initial ECM reading running at 25 amps and not the recommended 30 amps shows the following

6.8 increase in fuel mileage.

Idle fuel consumption down 18.4%

Average speed increased 2.2%

In 3 weeks we will show the results at 30 amps. These numbers should almost double except for Idle fuel consumption and increased speed, they should show moderate to good improvement with the biggest improvement being the fuel mileage.

ECM Readings

Thursday, July 24, 2008 9:40 AM
 
From:
 
Mike,
Just a quick note to update you on our ECM readings.  Baseline, when we started, was 5.4 mpg.  After two weeks with the system on, our reading are 5.9 mpg.  Noticeable increase in power.
 
Sincerely,  Dan Vorpahl

FRANCIS HOPKINS, INDEPENDENT TRUCKER

Going from Reading, Pa. to Oklahoma City, a 1453 mile trip, and all the mountain climbing encountered with a 72,000 pound truck at 70 mph.  I averaged 15% increase in mpg. 

That comes out to around $350.00 per week in fuel savings for me. Thanks again

I HAVE ALSO NOTICED THE OIL HAS GOTTEN CLEANER WHICH I BELIEVE AT THIS TIME IS DUE TO BETTER BURNING OF THE FUEL AND THE OIL ON THE DIPSTICK IS NOT SHOWING ANY SIGNS OF UNBURNED FUEL IN THE OIL WHICH IS ANOTHER GOOD SIGN SINCE I INSTALLED THE HYDROGEN COMMAND THE INCREASED TORQUE HAS ALLOWED ME TO KEEP IT IN HIGHER GEAR, MAKING IT MUCH EASIER ON THE DRIVER AS WELL AS ANOTHER PLUS FOR MY FUEL MILEAGE.

 THE HYDROGEN COMMAND  HAS BEEN A POSITIVE EXPERIENCE IN MY LIFE AND I AM GRATEFUL FOR YOUR  SUPPORT DURING INSTALLATION.

 Can you imagine the savings on a fleet?   Pick up the phone NOW!

 Testimonial by Gary Bailey by email on 8-30-07

  I am Gary Bailey From Sedgwick Kansas

          I put a Model 40 Hydrogen Command System on my 1996 Freightliner with a 60 Series Detroit engine.  Before the Hydrogen I got 6 MPGs.  I filled my truck up west of St Louis, MO. and drove to Hagerstown, Maryland where I fill up again.  I added up my miles from my GPS  at 900 miles and I bought 110 Gallons and I have a generator I ran for 2 day that burns 5 gallons a day.  The speed limits for trucks across IN, IL, & OH are 55 & 60 mph so that helps the fuel mileage.  But I calculated my fuel mileage at 9 mpg.  That looks like 50% improvement to me. 

          I checked my fuel mileage going to Salt Lake City.  Nebraska and Wyoming speed limits are 75 mph and out across the Mountains my fuel mileage was 6 ˝ MPGs.  There was another Freightliner truck going to the same military base that had the same 60 Series Detroit engine without the Hydrogen Command and he got only 4 MPGs.  That looks like over 50% improvement to me.

THIS HYDROGEN SYSTEM WORK'S !

 Gary Bailey

Factory Comments:  Knowing that speed has a lot to do with mileage and knowing that a Hydrogen Command equipped loaded tractor trailer can get mileage as follows:

5.8 mpg at 75 mph

6.4 mpg at 70 mph

7.9 mpg at 55 mph

So Gary’s improvement from 6 mpg to 9 mpg was partially due to decreased speed and his increase in mileage due to the Hydrogen Boosted Command system was closer to 20%.

                                     RV Results 20%-50% Better Mileage

I haven't written to you in some time. Just to bring you up to speed I purchased your Hydrogen command system over a year ago for my motor home which is powered with a Ford 7.5 liter gas engine. I did not use it much the first year just short trips but this

year my wife and I went west from IA to MN ND Mt WY back through MT WY SD into

IA touching NE and home to IA. Running mountains and head and cross winds I ran MPG averages all the way from just under 6 to 7.5 which I didn't think to bad beings

I started with just over 5 MPG I have to mention that we pulled a 3000 pound

car on a 500 pound tow dolly.

Gerald E. Bentley

12/08 -01/09

Jon T. Wolf Trucking

Green Bay, WI

To Hydrogen Command:

 We had our first unit installed mid-summer of 08’.  The unit worked well for a short period of time and then Hydrogen Command discovered there was a factory defect with the unit.  They came out and installed a new unit and stood behind their product.  Since the new unit was installed, our hydrogen command system has been operating efficiently; the most current ECM rating reports showed a fuel savings of 11.7%.  Our driver has reported to us and our Hydrogen Command rep. an improvement in the overall performance of the truck; greater pulling power, less down-shifting uphill, and more torque.  We have a second unit to install, and look forward to equipping the rest of the fleet. I was very skeptical at first. But I must say,

"This product does indeed work."

Thank you, Hydrogen Command.

 Sincerely, Jon T. Wolf

 

 These statements are from actual customers. They have not been paid or asked to lie. These are there own words, they are customers just like you. Not friends we picked to tell a story. There results may vary. But it is an obvious increase in fuel mileage. All above our 5% guarantee.

Fox Valley Technical College Dynamometer Test Analysis

7-13-08

On July 8, 2008 a Model 40SS hydrogen generator was temporarily installed onto the Caterpillar C15 turbo-diesel engine attached to a Taylor engine dynamometer in the diesel lab. A fresh baseline test was performed, followed by turning on the hydrogen generator and doing the same test procedure again.

At each of the following load % and RPM settings, data was recorded. 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% load, 1200, 1400, 1600, and 1800 RPM. Data recorded included horsepower, torque, estimated fuel used, and the weight of the fuel tank at the beginning and end of each 5 and/or 10 minute test period beginning after the dynamometer was set for load % and RPM. For the 25% load tests a 10 minute period was used for better accuracy, given the low fuel consumption. During the test with hydrogen injection the 10 minute period was also used for the first few settings at 50% load, because the results were slightly better than expected and confirmation was desire by extending the test to 10 minutes to get double data. The data was indeed confirmed with the extended period so after the first few extensions the 5 minute test period was resumed for the remainder of the tests.

Following are charts presenting the data collected during the tests:

Baseline run 7-8-8 without Hydrogen
RPM Load % est. fuel lbs fuel/hr HP Torque Amps H2 HP hr/lb

1200

25

5.12

40.8

90

395

0

2.206

1400

25

6.6

58.8

107

402

0

1.82

1600

25

7.6

54.6

85

277

0

1.557

1800

25

9.2

61.8

91

281

0

1.472

1200

50

9.8

67.2

158

692

0

2.351

1400

50

10.5

102

180

670

0

1.765

1600

50

12

115.2

171

562

0

1.781

1800

50

14.2

96

178

520

0

1.854

1200

75

12.7

93.6

231

1008

0

2.468

1400

75

14.9

117.6

266

1000

0

2.262

1600

75

16.7

114

278

908

0

2.439

1800

75

19.1

146.4

288

832

0

1.967

1200

100

14.2

105.6

259

1133

0

2.453

1400

100

19.2

159.6

355

1330

0

2.224

1600

100

21.6

156

383

1250

0

2.455

1800

100

23.7

174

400

1165

0

2.299

217.12

1663.2

3520

12425

0

2.116

Notice on this second chart an extra column is added to show the increase in HP hr/lb (horsepower hour per pound of fuel) expressed as a percent increase compared to the baseline figure for each data point.

With Hydrogen Injection
RPM Load % est. fuel lbs fuel/hr HP Torque Amps H2 HP hr/lb % increase

1200

25

5.1

45

90

395

25

2

-9

1400

25

6.5

48

105

388

37

2.187

20

1600

25

7.3

45

83

270

44

1.845

18.5

1800

25

9.2

45

93

270

46

2.067

40.4

1200

50

8.9

51

156

680

48

3.059

30.1

1400

50

10.5

78

174

651

48

2.231

26.4

1600

50

12

78

168

552

49

2.154

20.9

1800

50

13.8

90

175

510

50

1.944

4.8

1200

75

12.2

78

228

995

49

2.923

18.4

1400

75

14.7

90

265

1000

48

2.945

8.2

1600

75

13.2

114

279

906

48.5

2.447

0.3

1800

75

19

132

291

846

48

2.205

12.1

1200

100

14.3

96

259

1133

42

2.698

10

1400

100

19.1

138

354

1320

43

2.565

15.3

1600

100

21.5

138

380

1250

43

2.754

12.2

1800

100

23.2

150

394

1136

45

2.627

14.3

210.5

1416

3494

12302

2.468

16.60%

These results were quite consistent with tests that were done over a year ago by Purdue University students and reported on in the May 2007 and September 2007 newsletter pages at www.hydrogen-boost.com Internet web site. Noticed on both sets of results are areas in the operating envelope that showed major improvements and similar areas on both tests that showed only minor improvements. Most notable was the mid RPM range of the 75% load data that had similar minor improvements. This point may be when the unequipped diesel engine performs under optimum conditions and hence may confirm the theory that Hydrogen injection gives the greatest benefit under "stressed combustion" as defined at http://www.hydrogen-boost.com/August%202007.html .

Overall the hydrogen injection showed an average improvement in work done per unit of fuel burned of 16.6% over the operating range tested, but that should not be used to develop an expectation of 16% increase in mileage for a tractor trailer equipped with this common engine, especially if the majority of driving happens to be done at the lowest improvement data point (75% engine load and 1500RPM). However it should be noticed that a conservative adjustment in driving speed that brings the engine load closer to the 50% range and slightly lower RPM, would achieve the benefits of the hydrogen injection shown in that section of the chart above (50% engine load and 1300-1400 RPM). This would increase mileage due to reduced speed but it would also take the best benefit of the hydrogen injection in relieving any stressed combustion caused by operating outside the sweet spot of the engine’s operation envelope.

I should also be noted that the benefits of the hydrogen injection are not usually evident in fuel mileage increase alone. When a typical driver finds greater torque available it will be used in getting up the hills faster and therefore shorter trip times. The ECM report analyses done on numerous fleet vehicles have shown minor increases in fuel mileage but also notable increases in average speed, top gear distance, idle time per gallon of fuel, and top gear time.

Notice the results reported below that were achieved with our hydrogen injection system installed on a tractor trailer owned by Titletown.

Parameter Baseline with Hydrogen 2nd trip 3rd trip difference

Drive fuel economy 5.59 mpg 5.92 mpg 5.83 mpg 5.957mpg up 6.56%

Average speed 54.4 mph 54.67 mph 54.4 mph 56.62mph up 4.1%

Idle time per gallon 1.411 hr/gal 1.585 hr/gal 1.596 hr/gal 1.646hr/gal up 16.7 %

Top gear distance 71.5 % 78.4 % 78.1% 75.15% up 5.1%

Top gear time 58 % 65.3 % 59.83% 64.16% up10.6%

Mpg x mph 304.09 323.65 317.15 337.29 up 10.9%

This last parameter is a good overall calculation introduced by Hydrogen Boost in our August 2001 newsletter. It takes into account both fuel mileage and average speed

PURDUE university RESULTS

Another In Depth Analysis

          Going back to the tables of raw data for the petroleum diesel tests with and without

Hydrogen Command, we once again take each data point and divide the torque by the fuel consumption to get the work done per gallon of fuel.  Below we put those results side by

side in a table form so you can easily compare the diesel alone results with the hydrogen

assist results for each data point individually. 

         Notice that the benefits

of the hydrogen are really evident at high throttle settings, especially full throttle at less than

2300 RPM.  I have been told that accelerating a tractor trailer down the road and powering

up hills, the RPM is usually kept 1300 and 1900 which happens to be the range where Hydrogen Boosting  gave a 17-31% increase in work done per gallon of fuel used at full throttle.  I am

also told that cruising RPM is usually kept between 1100 and 1500 which in a range where

Hydrogen Boosting  gave a 1-27% increase at 50% throttle.  So if we can shut off the Hydrogen Command at idle and low throttle, low RPM conditions we could expect to see even better improvements than the 15% overall average for the operating envelope of the engine.

 Our plan is to make a change to our wiring kit to include a vacuum switch or throttle

position switch that will turn on the hydrogen generator only at cruise and acceleration condition.  This should enable us to expect a 20% increase in mileage on tractor trailers if they are driven

whenever they are running, and not sitting all night idling.

 

 

 

                                                              Savings With Hydrogen Command

           In the charts below notice that hydrogen production is not free.  It takes energy to produce the

 hydrogen and this energy does not always get compensated for with improved combustion and efficiency. 

The key is to produce only the hydrogen you need to ignite the combustion mixture at the ultra lean mixture

we produce with our electronic control circuit or the normal fuel mixture in a diesel engine.  If excess hydrogen is produced the improved mileage will be lower than what is possible a negative savings and at low cruise the

savings may be negative or slightly positive.  As stated in recent newsletter and documents the Hydrogen Command benefits are especially prevalent when high power and torque are being produced (when lots of fuel is being

 combusted).  This really shows that Hydrogen Command can be most valuable with vehicles that are heavily

loaded or underpowered. 

          The conditions where Hydrogen Command may improve mileage the least is when the driver is already implementing driving tips like slow acceleration and cruising at low speeds and throttle settings.  It may be

possible that the cost of the hydrogen production could be higher than the benefits of that hydrogen to the

miniscule amounts of fuel that are being combusted while using these efficient driving techniques.  This is

 exaggerated when the operator sets his hydrogen production too high for the engine he is operating. 

       

WHO has tested Hydrogen & our system?

We have gone to great lengths to ensure. We bring you this system, being the best in 

quality, reliability, and performance.

ICEC Holding AG Zug (in Grundung) Tel. +41-41-754-4090
Gewerbezone Morgarten Fax +41-41-750-9020
Postfach 227 e-mail: Inf@icec.ch
CH-6315 Oberageri http://www.icec.ch
Gustav R. Grab, President
International Clean Energy Consortium
John Houseman and D.J/Cerini of the Jet Propulsion Lab, California Institute of Technology
George Vosper P. Eng., ex-professor of Dynamics and Canadian inventor
Roy MacAlister, PE of the American Hydrogen Association
University of Cassino, Italy, June 26-29, 1995
University of Calgary,Zhejiang University, China, The Hwy dept of HUNGARY

Purdue University,  University of NW Ohio

Fox Valley Technical College Diesel Division
                                                                                 California Environmental Engineering (CEE)                                                                                              Global thermal technologies

NW Ohio State University
The American Hydrogen Association Test Lab
California Institute of Technology
Dr. Brant Peppley, Hydrogen Systems Group, Royal Military College, Kingston
Roy E. McAlister, P.E.
President of American Hydrogen Association
International Clean Energy Consortium test results in Switzerland
the Hydrogen-Boosted Gasoline Engine
03.30.2006
By Bob Brooks
Fleets & Independent truckers in over 60 countries

                                                                                                            US DOT                                                                                                                Canadian Hydrogen Association

President of American Hydrogen Association

The Facts are here. If you want to save on fuel costs and lower emissions. Our product has a 6-8 month ROI. It works and if you maintain it it will work for years.


The carbon equivalent of 180 million barrels of oil are burned each day to support the Earth's growing population of 5 billion persons search for prosperity. Carbon dioxide built up in the atmosphere has reached levels that are about 30 per cent higher than at any time in the last 160 years. Environmental damage and health threats due to air pollution have reached every area of the planet. Continued dependence upon fossil fuels is detrimental to public health and is a dangerous experiment that may have no point of return for civilization, as we know it. Nine Americans die each hour due to air pollution.

U.S. Energy expenditures amount to about 440 billion dollars per year. About 50 percent of our energy is produced from foreign oil. U.S. military presence throughout the planet's oil-rich areas to secure the oil-supply lines costs hundreds of billions of dollars each year. These great expenses curb investment in capital goods and our economy suffers.

Finding a solution to the difficult problems of energy sufficiency, environmental damage, and air pollution is imperative. The solution must provide convenience for near-term market acceptance and utilize renewable resources.



HYDROGEN AS A COMBUSTION STIMULANT

Hydrogen burns more rapidly than hydrocarbon fuels because it is smaller and enters combustion reactions at higher velocity, has lower activation energy, and incurs more molecular collisions than heavier molecules. These characteristics make it possible to use mixtures of hydrogen with conventional hydrocarbon fuels such as gasoline, diesel and propane to reduce emissions of unburned hydrocarbons. Transition from fossil fuels to renewable hydrogen by use of mixtures of hydrogen in small quantities with conventional fuels offers significant reductions in exhaust emissions. Using hydrogen as a combustion stimulant makes it possible for other fuels to meet future requirements for lower exhaust emissions in California and an increasing number of additional States.

Mixing hydrogen with hydrocarbon fuels provides combustion stimulation by increasing the rate of molecular-cracking processes in which large hydrocarbons are broken into smaller fragments. Expediting production of smaller molecular fragments is beneficial in increasing the surface-to-volume ratio and consequent exposure to oxygen for completion of the combustion process. Relatively small amount of hydrogen can dramatically increase horsepower and reduce emissions of atmospheric pollutants.

Reprinted from an AHA Newsletter


To best describe how Hydrogen Enhanced Combustion works, we are providing this excerpt from a University Technical Report, written by Mr. George Vosper, P.Eng.;

...a Hydrogen Generating System (HGS) for trucks or cars has been on the market for some time. Mounted on a vehicle, it feeds small amounts of hydrogen and oxygen into the engine's air intake. Its makers claim savings in fuel, reduced noxious and greenhouse gases and increased power. The auto industry is not devoid of hoaxes and as engineers are sceptics by training, it is no surprise that a few of them say the idea won't work. Such opinions, from engineers can't be dismissed without explaining why I think these Hydrogen Generating Systems do work and are not just another hoax. The 2nd law of thermodynamics is a likely source of those doubts. Meaning ...the law -would lead you to believe that it will certainly take more power to produce this hydrogen than can be regained by burning it in the engine. i.e. the resulting energy balance should be negative. If the aim is to create hydrogen by electrolysis to be burned as a fuel, the concept is ridiculous. On the other hand, if hydrogen, shortens the burn time of the main fuel-air mix, putting more pressure on the piston through a longer effective power stroke, and in doing so takes more work out, then this system does make sense.

Does it work? Independent studies, at different universities, using various fuels, have shown that flame speeds increase when small amounts of hydrogen are added to air-fuel mixes. A study by the California Institute of Technology, at its Jet Propulsion Lab Pasadena, in 1974 concluded:

The J.P.L. concept has unquestionably demonstrated that the addition of small quantities of gaseous hydrogen to the primary gasoline significantly reduces CO and NOx exhaust emissions while improving engine thermal efficiency

A recent study at the University of Calgary by G.A. Karim on the effect of adding hydrogen to a methane-fuelled engine says

... The addition of some hydrogen to the methane, speeds up the rates of initiation and subsequent propagation of flames over the whole combustible mixture range, including for very fast flowing mixtures. This enhancement of flame initiation and subsequent flame propagation, reduces the Ignition delay and combustion period in both spark ignition and compression ignition engines which should lead to noticeable improvements in the combustion process and performance

What happens inside the combustion chamber is still only a guess. In an earlier explanation I suggested that the extremely rapid flame speed of the added hydrogen oxygen interspersed through the main fuel air mix, gives the whole mix a much faster flame rate. Dr. Brant Peppley, Hydrogen Systems Group, Royal Military College, Kingston, has convinced me that insufficient hydrogen is produced to have much effect by just burning it. He feel's that the faster burn is most likely due to the presence of nascent (atomic) hydrogen and nascent oxygen, which initiate a chain reaction. I now completely agree. Electrolysis produces "nascent" hydrogen, and oxygen, which may or may not reach the engine as nascent. It is more probable that high temperature in the combustion chamber breaks down the oxygen and hydrogen molecules into free radicals (i.e. nascent). The chain reaction initiated by those free radicals will cause a simultaneous ignition of all the primary fuel. As it all ignites at once, no flame front can exist and without it there is no pressure wave to create knock.

The results of tests at Corrections Canada's, Bowden Alberta Institution and other independent tests reinforce the belief that combustion is significantly accelerated. They found with the HGS on, unburned hydrocarbons, CO and NO, in the exhaust were either eliminated or drastically reduced and at the same R.P.M. the engine produced more torque from less fuel.

From the forgoing, the near absence of carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons confirms a very complete and much faster burn. Cooler exhaust temperatures show that more work is taken out during the power stroke. More torque from less fuel at the same R.P.M. verifies that higher pressure from a faster burn, acting through a longer effective power stroke, produces more torque and thus more work from less fuel. The considerable reduction in nitrous oxides (NOx} was a surprise. I had assumed that the extreme temperatures from such a rapid intense burn would produce more NO.,. Time plus high temperature are both essential for nitrous oxides to form. As the extreme burn temperatures are of such short duration and temperature through the remainder of the power stroke and the entire exhaust stroke, will, on average, be much cooler. With this in mind, it is not so surprising that less NOx is produced when the HGS is operating.



Roy E. McAlister, P.E.

 
http://www.greencarcongress.com/2005/11/hydrogenenhance.html#comment-11093310

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Following are the readings of NOx I recorded versus air/fuel ratio settings:


A/F 15:1 NOx 200–1800 PPM

A/F 16:1 NOx 200-1800 PPM

A/F 17:1 NOx 200-1300 PPM

A/F 18:1 NOx 150-900 PPM

A/F 19:1 NOx 120-400 PPM

A/F 20:1 NOx 100-250 PPM


Remember we are comparing with stock vehicle NOx emissions of 50-800 PPM.


 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 
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